Influence of Metal Forging Process on Part Quality

Forging is a process that deforms metal by applying pressure to obtain the desired shape and properties. It is widely used in the manufacturing industry, especially in producing high-strength, high-reliability parts. However, an incorrect forging process may lead to defects such as cracks in the parts, affecting product quality. In this paper, we will discuss in depth the impact of the forging process on the quality of the parts and put forward the corresponding improvement measures.

Advantages of forging

Compared with casting, forging has the following advantages:

Dense organization: forging can eliminate the casting of porosity, inclusions, and other defects so that the metal organization is more dense, and improve the strength and toughness of the material.

Excellent performance: the mechanical properties of forged parts are usually better than castings of the same material, and can withstand higher loads and harsher working environments.

Continuous fiber structure: forging can make the fiber structure of the metal more continuous, and improve the fatigue resistance of parts.

Forging defects and cause analysis

One of the common forging defects is cracking. Cracks are usually associated with the following factors:

Irrational Mold design: The radius of the round corner of the mold is too small, and the mold cavity design is irrational, which will lead to stress concentration and trigger cracks.

Improper forging process parameters: forging temperature is too high or too low, deformation speed is too fast, etc. will affect the plasticity of the material, increasing the risk of cracks.

Material defects: Defects within the material, such as inclusions, porosity, etc., can also be a source of cracks.

Crack analysis and improvement measures

Through the microstructure analysis of cracks and in-depth study of the forging process, it can be found that cracks are often the result of a combination of factors. To improve the quality of forgings, the following improvement measures can be taken:

Optimize the mold design: increase the radius of the rounded corners of the mold, reasonably design the shape of the mold cavity, and reduce the stress concentration.

Strict control of forging process parameters: according to the characteristics of the material and the requirements of the parts, reasonable determination of forging temperature, deformation rate, and other process parameters.

Improve the quality of materials: choose stable quality raw materials, and carry out strict inspection of raw materials.

Strengthen process monitoring: through online monitoring and other means, real-time monitoring of temperature, pressure, and other parameters in the forging process, timely detection and correction of abnormal conditions.

Conclusion

The forging process has a crucial impact on the quality of parts. By deeply analyzing the causes of cracks and taking corresponding improvement measures, the quality of forgings can be effectively improved. In addition, strengthening the monitoring and management of the forging process is also an important part of ensuring product quality.